Integrated Ocean & Coastal Mapping
Mandates and Drivers
Federal agency participation in integrated ocean and coastal mapping efforts are the result of numerous legislative mandates as well as domestic and international drivers. Below is a timeline showing the key IOCM mandates and drivers that have been identified by members of the IWG-OCM. Each mandate and driver is displayed according to the legend on the right. Hover over each item to get a brief description, including hyperlinks to obtain more information.
2020
National Strategy for Mapping, Exploring, and Characterizing the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone.2019
The Presidential Memorandum on Ocean Mapping of the United States Exclusive Economic Zone and the Shoreline and Nearshore of Alaska calls on federal agencies to develop two mapping strategies and find ways for efficient permitting to conduct mapping activities.2018
Executive Order 13817 of February 16, 2018 (A Federal Strategy To Ensure Secure and Reliable Supplies of Critical Minerals) sets forth actions to reduce the Nation’s vulnerability to disruptions in the supply of critical minerals.2017
The Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 improves NOAA’s weather research through a focused program of investment on affordable and attainable advances in observational, computing, and modeling capabilities to support substantial improvement in weather forecasting and prediction of high impact weather events, to expand commercial opportunities for the provision of weather data, and for other purposes.2016
The paper “NOAA's Contribution to the Economy; Powering America's Economy and Protecting Americans” talks about NOAA’s strategic contributions to a blue economy. 2013 —— Presidential Policy Directive on Critical Infrastructure2013
The Presidential Policy Directive on Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience advances a national unity of effort to strengthen and maintain secure, functioning, and resilient critical infrastructure. 2011 —— 10 U.S.C. 7921 Safety and Effectiveness2011
10 U.S.C. 7921 (Safety and Effectiveness Information; Hydrographic Information) maximizes the safety and effectiveness of all maritime vessels, aircraft, and forces of the armed forces, and instructs the Secretary of the Navy to collect, process, and provide hydrographic information to the Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2010 —— Executive Order 13547 of July 19, 2010 Stewardship of the2010
Executive Order 13547 of July 19, 2010 (Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes) adopts the recommendations of the Interagency Ocean Policy Task Force.2009
The Ocean and Coastal Mapping Integration Act calls for coordinated and comprehensive ocean and coastal mapping across the federal government and gives NOAA a lead role in integrating mapping efforts with federal, state and local governments, and private sector partners.2007
The Energy Independence and Security Act aims to improve vehicle fuel economy and reduce U.S. dependence on petroleum. 2005 —— Energy Policy Act2005
The Energy Policy Act of 2005 set forth an energy research and development program. 2004 —— An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century:2004
As mandated by the Oceans Act of 2000, the report “An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century: Final Report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy” by the Commission on U.S. Ocean Policy contains balanced and practical proposals for the establishment of a comprehensive and coordinated ocean policy for our nation.2002
The Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 requires completion of security assessments, development of security plans, and implementation of security measures and procedures to reduce the risk and mitigate the exposure of our ports and waterways to terrorist activity. 1998 —— Hydrographic Services Improvement Act1998
Reauthorized in 2002 and 2008, the Hydrographic Services Improvement Act reiterates purpose and authorizes increased funding for NOAA's navigation services. 1990 —— Oil Pollution Act1990
The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 sets forth requirements for prevention of, preparedness for, and response to oil discharges at specific non-transportation-related facilities.1986
The Water Resources Development Act of 1986 authorizes USACE civil works activities and builds on previous reform efforts to ensure improvements are made to the Nation’s ports, inland waterways, locks, dams, flood protection, ecosystem restoration, and other water resources infrastructure. 1984 —— Arctic Research and Policy Act1984
The Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 provides for a comprehensive national policy dealing with national research needs and objectives in the Arctic. 1983 —— Proclamation 5030: Exclusive Economic Zone1983
Proclamation 5030: Exclusive Economic Zone of the United States of America proclaims U.S. sovereign rights and jurisdiction and also confirms the rights and freedoms of all States within an Exclusive Economic Zone. 1982 —— United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea1982
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) establishes rules governing all uses of the oceans and their resources. 1979 —— Archaeological Resources Protection Act1979
The Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 protects archaeological resources and sites which are on public lands and Indian lands and fosters increased cooperation and exchange of information between governmental authorities, the professional archaeological community, and private individuals. 1976 —— Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and1976
The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act is the primary law governing marine fisheries management in U.S. federal waters. 1974 —— International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea1974
Chapter 5 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea covers safety of navigation, including requirements for hydrographic services and nautical charts to support safe navigation for all ships on all voyages.1973
Administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service, the Endangered Species Act protects and recovers imperiled species and the ecosystems upon which they depend. 1972 —— Coastal Zone Management Act1972
Administered by NOAA, the Coastal Zone Management Act provides for the balanced management of the nation’s coastal resources, including the Great Lakes, and outlines three national programs, the National Coastal Zone Management Program, the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, and the Coastal and Estuarine Land Conservation Program (CELCP).1969
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 assures that all branches of government give proper consideration to the environment prior to undertaking any major federal action that significantly affects the environment. 1966 —— National Historic Preservation Act1966
The National Historic Preservation Act was passed primarily to acknowledge the importance of protecting our nation’s heritage from development. In 2014, the codified law for the National Historic Preservation Act was moved from Title 16 to Title 54.1958
The National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 provides for research into problems of flight within and outside the earth's atmosphere, and for other purposes. 1953 —— Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act1953
Under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the Secretary of the Interior is responsible for the administration of mineral exploration and development of the Outer Continental Shelf, which is defined as all submerged lands seaward of state coastal waters which are under U.S. jurisdiction.1950
The National Science Foundation was created by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950. 1947 —— Coast and Geodetic Survey Act1947
Under the Coast and Geodetic Survey Act of 1947, NOAA is required to provide nautical charts and products for safe maritime commerce and navigation. 1938 —— Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act1938
The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act gives the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authority to oversee the safety of food, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics. 1918 —— Migratory Bird Treaty Act1918
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act makes it illegal to take, possess, import, export, transport, sell, purchase, barter, or offer for sale, purchase, or barter, any migratory bird, or the parts, nests, or eggs of such a bird except under the terms of a valid Federal permit. 1916 —— National Park Service Organic Act1916
The National Park Service was established by the Organic Act of 1916. 1879 —— United States Geological Survey Organic Act1879
The U.S. Geological Survey was established by the Organic Act of 1879. 1870 —— National Weather Service Organic Act1870
The National Weather Service was first organized through the Organic Act of 1870.Legend
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